Low fertility nations: risk of demographic time bomb

As the world gets more and more populated by humans, as fewer marriages occur, and the time between pregnancies increase, there has been a decrease in the overall fertility rate of the human population, with high-income countries usually having the lowest fertility rates. With low fertility, the human population is also progressively aging older and older.

The median age of the world human population is around 30 years.

These countries have total fertility rates below 1.5 children per woman in 2017, which means there is a high risk of a demographic time bomb in the near future:

  • Belarus (1.48)
  • Cyprus (1.47)
  • Austria (1.47)
  • Bulgaria (1.46)
  • Czechia (1.45)
  • Hungary (1.45)
  • Germany (1.45)
  • Italy (1.44)
  • Serbia (1.44)
  • Greece (1.43)
  • Japan (1.41)
  • Slovakia (1.41)
  • Croatia (1.40)
  • Andorra (1.40)
  • Slovenia (1.36)
  • Romania (1.35)
  • Poland (1.35)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina (1.30)
  • Republic of Korea (1.26)
  • Puerto Rico (1.22)
  • Hong Kong (1.19)
  • Taiwan (1.13)
  • Singapore (0.83), the only sovereign state with a TFR below one child per woman. The Prime Minister of Singapore says that the TFR is 1.16.
Source: The World Factbook (CIA)
The only way to keep the population of these countries stable is to bring in many, many immigrants.
From other sources like the World Bank, these countries are also listed to have fertility rates below 1.5: Portugal (1.31), Spain (1.33), Mauritius (1.40), Malta (1.45), Luxembourg (1.47), and Thailand (1.48).

Conversely, Niger has the highest TFR in the world, reaching over seven births per woman. Israel has the highest TFR of all high-income countries.

These 20 countries have the highest median age of their population:
  1. Monaco (53.1), the only sovereign state with a median age in the fifties
  2. Japan (47.3)
  3. Germany (47.1)
  4. Italy (45.5)
  5. Slovenia (44.5)
  6. Greece (44.5)
  7. Hong Kong (44.4)
  8. Austria (44.0)
  9. Lithuania (43.7)
  10. Latvia (43.6)
  11. Croatia (43.0)
  12. Bulgaria (42.7)
  13. Spain (42.7)
  14. Estonia (42.7)
  15. Serbia (42.6)
  16. Netherlands (42.6)
  17. Finland (42.5)
  18. Switzerland (42.4)
  19. Hungary (42.3)
  20. Canada (42.2)
Source: The World Factbook (CIA)
The Republic of Korea's median age is 41.8, but with the population aging at unprecedented rates, South Korea will have the world's highest median age by mid-century.

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